Glass, glass and more glass characterizes Murano, and has ever since glass factories were moved here in 1291. Although the craftsmen were virtual prisoners on the island, they did enjoy extraordinary protection - a glass blower was granted a pardon for murder in the 1520s on the condition that he return to Murano and the glass factories.
Glass making was among Venice's prized activities. The secrets of the trade were viciously guarded and the fear that outsiders would learn them ran deep. A glass maker who dared leave Murano was sentenced to death for being a traitor. There were, however, various advantages - the more democratic system the Muranese enjoyed over the Venetians.
The glass making process was perfected in the early 16th century, but the secret of crystal glass was leaking out. By the turn of the century, Venice was losing her hold. This marked the beginning of the decline of Murano as the world's premier glass making center. Murano, nevertheless, continued producing exquisite plates and bowls.
The island houses the world's largest collection of Venetian glass at the Museo Vetrario.
